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From Wikipedia
Acid salt
Acid salt is a somewhat obscure term for a class of salts formed by the partial neutralization of diprotic or polyprotic acids. Because the parent acid is only partially neutralized, one or more replaceable hydrogen ions remain. Typical acid salts have one or more alkali (alkaline) metal ions as well as one or more protons. Well known examples are sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4), monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4), and disodium phosphate (Na2HPO4). Often acid salts are used as buffers.
For example, the acid salt sodium bisulfate is the main species formed upon the half neutralization of sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxide:
- H2SO4 + NaOH → NaHSO4 + H2O
Acid salts compounds can act either as an acid or a base: addition of a suitably strong acid will restore protons, and addition of a suitably strong base will remove protons. The pH of a solution of an acid salt will depend on the relevant equilibrium constants and the amounts of any additional base or acid. A comparison between the Kb and Ka will indicate this: if Kb > Ka, the solution will be basic, whereas if Kb < 'Ka, the solution will be acidic.
Use in food
Some acid salts are used in baking. They are found in baking powders and are typically divided into low-temperature (or single-acting) and high-temperature (or double-acting) acid salts. Common low-temperature acid salts react at room temperature to produce a leavening effect. They include cream of tartar, calcium phosphate, and citrates. High-temperature acid salts produce a leavening effect during baking and are usually aluminium salts such as calciumaluminium phosphate. Some acid salts may also be found in non-dairy coffee creamers.
From Yahoo Answers
Question:i had a question on a quiz it said to choose if it is acidic, silightly acidic, neutral, slightly basic or basic.
one of them just said
Gastric acid or juice, i forgot, has pH 7.25
so what is it? and
what is the cation and anion on dihydrogen phosphate?
and can someone explain whats the buffer system? thanks! damn i hope i put it as slightly basic :D but why is it slightly basic?
and does determining a cation and anion differentiate when you lowry-bronsted theory?
like would HPO4^-3 be the anion if its the lowry- bronsted theory?
Answers:Are you sure you got the number right for gastric juice? If your teacher really wrote 7.25 on the quiz, then the answer is slightly basic, because anything with a pH greater than 7 is basic. Since 7.25 is just a little bit greater than 7, I would call this slightly basic. However, in reality gastric juice is very acidic with a pH around 2, and it is referred to as both gastric juice and gastric acid. As for why it is basic or acidic, this is based on the definition of these terms. Any solution with a pH greater than 7 is by definition basic, and any solution with a pH less than 7 is by definition acidic. So if your teacher gives you the pH, you just need to determine if it is greater or less than 7, and do not need to know anything else about the solution. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4, has three acidic OH groups, and each one is capable of losing a hydrogen. If you're just talking about dihydrogen phoshpate, then hydrogen is the cation and dihydrogen phoshpate is the anion. A buffer system allows you to maintain the solution at a roughly constant pH even while adding acidic or basic molecules to solution. If you add a few drops of hydrochloric acid to a beaker of pure water, or to a beaker containing an non-buffered aqueous solution, there will be a dramatic change in pH and the solution will become more acidic (how much it changes depends on the exact amount of water and hydrochloric acid you are using). However, if you have a buffer that can act as a base at pH of your solution, it will bind to the hydrogen ions released by hydrochloric acid, there will be no increase in the concentration of "free hydrogen ions" (which are actually hydronium ions, H3O+). If you add too much of an acid or a base, you will overwhelm the buffer and eventually you will be able to change the pH of the solution. Each buffer works over a specific range of pH values. Phosphoric acid/phosphates are excellent buffers because of the three acidic groups. Each hydrogen can bond to or dissociate from its oxygen over a specific range of pH values, but the range is different for each of the three acidic groups. Buffer systems with only one acidic group are effective over a much narrower pH range. To determine which buffer system is appropriate for a given experiment, you need to know the Ka (acid dissociation constant) or pKa for each acidic group in the molecule. Phosphoric acid has three Ka's, one for each of its three acidic groups. When determining which is the cation and which is the anion, it does not make a difference whether or not you are using Arrhenius acid-base theory or Br nsted-Lowry acid-base theory, except some Br nsted-Lowry reactions do not involve ionic reactants or products. The Wikipedia aritcle on acids has a brief description of the three major acid-base theories, and while it does not answer your question directly, the section on Br nsted-Lowry theory gives an example of reactions that do not involve ions, and the entire section discusses how all of the different definitions of an acid (or a base) relate to each other: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid#Technical_definitions .
Answers:Are you sure you got the number right for gastric juice? If your teacher really wrote 7.25 on the quiz, then the answer is slightly basic, because anything with a pH greater than 7 is basic. Since 7.25 is just a little bit greater than 7, I would call this slightly basic. However, in reality gastric juice is very acidic with a pH around 2, and it is referred to as both gastric juice and gastric acid. As for why it is basic or acidic, this is based on the definition of these terms. Any solution with a pH greater than 7 is by definition basic, and any solution with a pH less than 7 is by definition acidic. So if your teacher gives you the pH, you just need to determine if it is greater or less than 7, and do not need to know anything else about the solution. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4, has three acidic OH groups, and each one is capable of losing a hydrogen. If you're just talking about dihydrogen phoshpate, then hydrogen is the cation and dihydrogen phoshpate is the anion. A buffer system allows you to maintain the solution at a roughly constant pH even while adding acidic or basic molecules to solution. If you add a few drops of hydrochloric acid to a beaker of pure water, or to a beaker containing an non-buffered aqueous solution, there will be a dramatic change in pH and the solution will become more acidic (how much it changes depends on the exact amount of water and hydrochloric acid you are using). However, if you have a buffer that can act as a base at pH of your solution, it will bind to the hydrogen ions released by hydrochloric acid, there will be no increase in the concentration of "free hydrogen ions" (which are actually hydronium ions, H3O+). If you add too much of an acid or a base, you will overwhelm the buffer and eventually you will be able to change the pH of the solution. Each buffer works over a specific range of pH values. Phosphoric acid/phosphates are excellent buffers because of the three acidic groups. Each hydrogen can bond to or dissociate from its oxygen over a specific range of pH values, but the range is different for each of the three acidic groups. Buffer systems with only one acidic group are effective over a much narrower pH range. To determine which buffer system is appropriate for a given experiment, you need to know the Ka (acid dissociation constant) or pKa for each acidic group in the molecule. Phosphoric acid has three Ka's, one for each of its three acidic groups. When determining which is the cation and which is the anion, it does not make a difference whether or not you are using Arrhenius acid-base theory or Br nsted-Lowry acid-base theory, except some Br nsted-Lowry reactions do not involve ionic reactants or products. The Wikipedia aritcle on acids has a brief description of the three major acid-base theories, and while it does not answer your question directly, the section on Br nsted-Lowry theory gives an example of reactions that do not involve ions, and the entire section discusses how all of the different definitions of an acid (or a base) relate to each other: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid#Technical_definitions .
Question:i learned that there are three classes of compounds..acids, bases and salts..
But am confused about water's case..
can anyone ans it with reason..pls..
Answers:A SALT HAHAHAH, nah not really its an acid and a base
Answers:A SALT HAHAHAH, nah not really its an acid and a base
Question:By looking at a chemical formula, can anyone tell me how to identify whether it is a salt, base or acid?
Answers:acids containds hydrogen so they always have a H infront of it: hydrochloric acid: HCL sulfuric acid: H2SO bases contains hydroxide, so if you see an OH, it is a base: sodium hydroxide: NaOH Calcium Hydroxide: Ca2(OH)2 for salts it depends what kind of salt you're asking. for table salts they are a ionic compound: NaCl hope this helps :)
Answers:acids containds hydrogen so they always have a H infront of it: hydrochloric acid: HCL sulfuric acid: H2SO bases contains hydroxide, so if you see an OH, it is a base: sodium hydroxide: NaOH Calcium Hydroxide: Ca2(OH)2 for salts it depends what kind of salt you're asking. for table salts they are a ionic compound: NaCl hope this helps :)
Question:17.A strong acid reacts with a strong base:
acidicbasic
neutralimpossible to predict
18.A strong acid reacts with a weak base:
acidicbasic
neutralimpossible to predict
19.A weak acid reacts with a strong base:
acidicbasic
neutralimpossible to predict
20.A weak acid reacts with a weak base:
acidicbasic
neutralimpossible to predict
Answers:17 neutral 18 acidic 19 basic impossible to predict ( Ka and Kb are required)
Answers:17 neutral 18 acidic 19 basic impossible to predict ( Ka and Kb are required)
From Youtube
Acid Bases and Salts :Check us out at www.tutorvista.com Acids In everyday life we deal with many compounds that chemists classify as acids. For example, orange juice and grapefruit juice contain citric acid. These juices, and others, also contain ascorbic acid, a substance more commonly known as Vitamin C. Salads are often flavored with vinegar, which contains dilute acetic acid. Boric acid is a substance that is sometimes used to wash the eyes. In any chemistry laboratory, we find acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid. These acids are called mineral acids because they can be prepared from naturally occurring compounds called minerals. Mineral acids are generally stronger than household acids, and should be handled with great care because they can burn skin and clothing. Bases: Ammonium hydroxide, or ammonia water, is very irritating to the nose and the eyes. This substance, called a hydroxide, or a base, is often used in the home for cleaning because bases generally dissolve grease. Milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide), which is used as an antacid, is a base; lye (sodium hydroxide), which is used in the manufacture of soap, is another familiar example of base. Bases are ionic compounds containing metal ions and hydroxide ions. For example, sodium hydroxide contains sodium ions and hydroxide ions. When sodium metal is placed in water, sodium hydroxide is formed and hydrogen gas is released. Since the formula for water can be written as HOH instead of H2O, the ...
Study Of Acid Bases And Salts :Check us out at www.tutorvista.com An acid (from the Latin acidus meaning sour) is any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water, ie a pH less than 7.0 in its standard state. That approximates the modern definition of Johannes Nicolaus Br nsted and Martin Lowry, who independently defined an acid as a compound which donates a hydrogen ion (H+) to another compound (called a base). Common examples include acetic acid (in vinegar) and sulfuric acid (used in car batteries). Acid/base systems are different from redox reactions in that there is no change in oxidation state. Acids can occur in solid, liquid or gaseous form, depending on the temperature. They can exist as pure substances or in solution. Chemicals or substances having the property of an acid are said to be acidic. In chemistry, a base is most commonly thought of as an aqueous substance that can accept hydrogen ions. Bases are also the oxides or hydroxides of metals. A soluble base is also often referred to as an alkali if hydroxide ions (OH ) are involved. This refers to the Br nsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases. Alternative definitions of bases include electron pair donors (Lewis), and as sources of hydroxide anions (Arrhenius). In addition to this, bases can commonly be thought of as any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity lower than that of pure water, ie a pH higher than ...
